Solving linear programming problems in a spreadsheet yields equations for maximizing business profits. As applied to business, linear programming typically involves an objective formula, such as unit ...

Determining the optimal solution (OS) set of interval linear fractional programming (ILFP) models is generally an NP-hard problem. Few methods have been proposed in this field which have only been ...

Estimation errors or uncertainities in expected return and risk measures create difficulties for portfolio optimization. The literature deals with the uncertainty using stochastic, fuzzy or ...