By the time you’ve laid and wired your track and installed your train and turnout control system, it’s easy to let ...

Mathematical models are extremely limited at modeling ballast, the gravel layer located under railway tracks. Researchers have shown that a large part of the energy introduced by a train passing is ...

Railway track engineering is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of rail infrastructure. A critical component of this endeavour is the ballast, which ...

The Federal Railroad Administration issued a safety advisory to emphasize the importance of timely repairs of ballast defects and conditions on main tracks. FRA notes that ballast defects and ballast ...