Some of the elements necessary to support life on Earth are widely known - oxygen, carbon and water, to name a few. Just as important in the existence of life as any other component is the presence of ...

Mammalian cells have enzymes to convert adenosine to inosine by deamination and inosine to hypoxanthine by phosphorolysis, but they do not possess the enzymes necessary to form the free base, adenine, ...

DNA is the genetic material used by every living organism. But, in a few edge cases, the four bases of DNA—adenine, thymidine, cytosine, and guanine—undergo chemical modifications. And in viruses, ...

In the double helix structure of DNA, thymine forms a base pair with adenine through two hydrogen bonds. This specific pairing is known as complementary base pairing and is essential for the stability ...

This image illustrates the chemical structures of the five main nucleobases found in DNA and RNA. The pyrimidines, thymine (DNA), uracil (RNA), and cytosine are shown on top while the purines, adenine ...

Scientists have developed and improved the ABE system in mouse and rat strains, which has great implications for human genetic disorders and gene therapy. Two research teams from East China Normal ...

Cytosine bases here and there in DNA are famously decorated with methyl groups, chemical modifications that silence genes so that specific cells express only certain, appropriate DNA sequences. This ...