Intelligent agriculture requires precise, real-time control of diverse systems ranging from greenhouse climates to autonomous ...

Abstract: Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers play a crucial role in the aerospace industry, ensuring the safety, precision and reliability of various systems. These controllers ...

Proportional integral derivative (PID) control is the most common type of feedback control algorithm used in industry today. Because the PID algorithm can be tuned, it has been successfully used to ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

Controlling hydraulic motion with precision involves understanding the fundamental difference between servo motors and hydraulic actuators. Electric motors generally respond linearly to control inputs ...

A few weeks ago, I installed an automatic water heater switch to my bathroom, but it was a crude device. What I really want to do is design a universal heater driver. That basic idea can be adapted to ...