Author’s note: This article shows how to derive circuit gain equations via a signal flow graph. With practice you may be able to write a gain equation by locating signal paths and loops in the ...

The theory of electric circuits is governed by Kirchhoff's laws: the sum of the currents flowing to a node is zero, and the net voltage drop around a closed loop is zero. In addition to Kirchhoff's ...

There are standard techniques to generate negative output voltages, and there are well-known approaches to dynamically adjust an output voltage. The missing link that I hope to address in this article ...

But Node seems like one of those good ideas in theory that might not translate as well to the real world. Sure, it sounds convenient, but I can’t look at the pictures of it in action and help but ...

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 116, No. 15 (April 9, 2019), pp. 7503-7512 (10 pages) Type 1 estrogen receptor-expressing neurons in the ...